Animals

INSECTS POETRY

ANIMALS CLASSIFICATION

Animals

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AMPHIBIANS

Amphibians are vertebrates that live part of their lives in fresh water and part on land.

CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPHIBIANS

• The skin of amphibians is moist and slippery. It has no protective covering so amphibians stay in or near water to keep their skin moist. This is very important, because if their skin dries out, they die.
• Amphibians have four legs. Frogs and toads have longer back legs to help them jjump. They do not have a tail. Other amphibians, like salamanders, have a tail and four legs of the same length.
• Amphibians breathe through their skin and with their lungs.
• They reproduce by laying small eggs in the water. They young are very different from the adults. When they grow into adults they through a process called metamorphosis.

REPTILES

Reptiles are animals with four short legs on the sides of their bodies. When they move they cannot support their bodies very well. For this reason, they often move close to the fround by crawling or slithering. Some reptiles, like snakes, do not have legs.

CHARACTERISTICS OF REPTILES

• The skin of reptiles is waterproof. It is covered with small, hard, horney scales. Tortoises and turtles also have bony scales that form a hard outer shell.
• Reptiles breathe with their lungs.
• Reptiles are oviparous animals. they lay their eggs in the ground and then abandon them on land. They do not look after their young.
• Snakes, tortoises, lizards, chamaleons and crocodiles are all reptiles.

MAMMALS

Mammals are animlas with mammary glands. The females produce milk in their mammary glands to feed their young.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MAMMALS

• The majority of mammals are terrestial and have four legs for walking with. Some mammals, like seals and whales live in the sea and have fins instead of legs. Other mammals, like bats, can fly because they have wings.
• Most mammals are covered with hair or fur. Some have little or no hair, like elephants and whales.
• Mammals are warm-blooded animals: they keep their body temperature at a constant level. When it is cold, their fur and the layer of insulating fat beneath their skin help animals to retain body heat. When they are too hot, they lose heat through their skin by sweating.
• All mammals have lungs for breathing with.
• Mammals are viviparous: they give birth to live young. The parents take care of the young until they ready to live on their own.

DOMESTIC ANIMALS

Domestic animals live in the same habitat as human beings. Some, like cows and sheep are bred so that we can use their products.

Pets are animals that live in our houses because we like them, or sometimes they help us. Pets are a big responsability. We need to look after them.

Farm animals are also domestic animals because they live with human beings and depend on us.

We breed animals on farms. Farm animals produce food and other products, like leather and milk. They can also help with farm work.

Arthropods

Arthropods can be divided into four groups:

• Arachnids have eight legs. They do not have wings or antennae. Spiders are arachnids.
• Insects have six legs, two antennae and wings to fly. Flies are insects.
• Myriapods have long bodies with many pairs of legs. Centipedes are myriapods.
• Crustaceans are often aquatic and breathe with gills. Crabs are crustaceans.

INVERTEBRATES

Invertebrates do not have a backbone. They do not have bones.

Some invertebrates have soft bodies, some have a shell and other have a hard outer covering to their bodies.

They can live in the water, undrground, in a tree trunk or in the body of another animal.

GROUPS OF INVERTEBRATES

The most important groups of invertebrates are:

• Annelids have a long softy body, divided into segments. They have no protective covering. Earth worms are annelids.
• Molluscs have a soft body, covered with a shell. Snails are molluscs.
• Arthropods have a hard outer covering, or exoskeleton.

VERTEBRATES

Animals with a backbone are called vertebrates.

Their bodies have three parts: the head, the trunk and the limbs.

GROUPS OF VERTEBRATES

There are five groups of vertebrates:

• MAMMALS are viviparous. Most are covered with hair or fur, except marine mammals. They breathe through their lungs. Land mammals have legs. Manire mammals have fins to swim.
• BIRDS are oviparous. Their bodies are covered with feathers. They have two wings and two legs. They have a beak or a bill. They breathe throught their lungs. The majority of birds flu but some birds, like penguins and ostriches, do not.
• REPTILES are oviparous. Their bodies are covered in hard dry scales, and some, like tortoises, have a shell. Some reptiles have legs but others, like snakes, do not. They move by slithering. all reptiles breathe through their lungs.
• AMPHIBIANS are oviparous. They breathe through their lungs and through their skin. They move in and out of the water so that their skin is always moist.
• FISH are oviparous. Their bodies are covered by scales. They breathe trhough their gills.

THE FOOD ANIMALS EAT

Looking at the food they eat, animals can be classified into:

CARNIVORES: They only eat other animals

.

HERBIVORES: They only eat plants.

OMNIVORES: They eat both meat and plants.

ANIMALS CLASSIFICATION

We can classify animals according to:

WHERE ANIMALS LIVE
If we look at the habitat where they live and the way they move, we can find:

• Animals that live on the ground use legs to move. They walk, run, jump and crawl. They have strong legs.
• Animals that live in water, like fish, use fins to swim. Other animals, like frogs, have special legs to swim.
• Animals that live in the air use wings to fly. Birds and insects have wings.

THE WAY ANIMALS REPRODUCE
But if we consider animals reproduction, we classify them in two groups:

• Viviparous: animals that are born from their mother's womb.
• Oviparous: they are born from an egg laid by their mother.

THE FOOD ANIMALS EAT

Looking at the food they eat, animals can be classified into:

• CARNIVORES: They only eat other animals.
• HERBIVORES: They only eat plants.
• OMNIVORES: They eat both meat and plants.

THEIR BODY STRUCTURE

Looking at their bodies, we divide animals in two big groups:

• VERTEBRATES have got bones.

• INVERTEBRATES have not got bones.

LADYBUG ADVENTURES

ANIMALS ON EARTH

There are millions of different animals on Earth.

Animals are adapted to different ecosystems. Some live on land, some live in water and others live in the air.